uid=AND,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read CF020 Skuyler Herzog

Assistant Professor; Natural Resources Program; Oregon State University-Cascades

skuyler.herzog@osucascades.edu 0000-0002-2431-7649 Steven M. Wondzell

Pacific Northwest Research Station; Corvallis Forestry Sciences Lab; 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-758-8753 steve.wondzell@usda.gov https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/lwm/aem/people/wondzell.html 0000-0002-5182-5796 Adam S. Ward

Dept. Head & Professor; Biological & Ecological Engineering; Oregon State University

adam.ward@oregonstate.edu https://www.wardhydrolab.com/ 0000-0002-6376-0061 Skuyler Herzog

Assistant Professor; Natural Resources Program; Oregon State University-Cascades

skuyler.herzog@osucascades.edu 0000-0002-2431-7649 Steven M. Wondzell

Pacific Northwest Research Station; Corvallis Forestry Sciences Lab; 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-758-8753 steve.wondzell@usda.gov https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/lwm/aem/people/wondzell.html 0000-0002-5182-5796 Principal Investigator Adam S. Ward

Dept. Head & Professor; Biological & Ecological Engineering; Oregon State University

adam.ward@oregonstate.edu https://www.wardhydrolab.com/ 0000-0002-6376-0061 Principal Investigator Skuyler Herzog

Assistant Professor; Natural Resources Program; Oregon State University-Cascades

skuyler.herzog@osucascades.edu 0000-0002-2431-7649 Creator Steven M. Wondzell

Pacific Northwest Research Station; Corvallis Forestry Sciences Lab; 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-758-8753 steve.wondzell@usda.gov https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/lwm/aem/people/wondzell.html 0000-0002-5182-5796 Creator Adam S. Ward

Dept. Head & Professor; Biological & Ecological Engineering; Oregon State University

adam.ward@oregonstate.edu https://www.wardhydrolab.com/ 0000-0002-6376-0061 Creator Roy Haggerty

Dept. of Geosciences;Wilkinson 104;Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-737-1210 haggertr@geo.oregonstate.edu http://ceoas.oregonstate.edu/profile/haggerty/ Other Researcher 2025-05-05 We investigated biogeochemistry along a 12-m hyporheic mesocosm that allowed for controlled testing of seasonal and spatial water quality changes along a flowpath with fixed geometry and constant flow rate. Water quality profiles of oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen were measured at 1-m intervals along the mesocosm over multiple seasons. dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature profiles were monitored on 18 dates between May 2019 through August 2020. Grab samples to monitor profiles of carbon, nitrogen, and various other solutes along the mesocosm were collected in December 2019 and August 2020 to provide more comprehensive biogeochemical analyses at time points when the dissolved oxygen (DO) and temperature profiles were at or near the maximum seasonal differences. Mesocosm monitoring ceased abruptly due to the Holiday Farm Fire, which burned from September through October 2020, cutting off personnel access and electrical power to the mesocosm facility. hydrology biogeochemistry hyporheic LTER controlled vocabulary Database Credit: Construction of the hyporheic mesocosm facility was funded by the National Science Foundation under the grant EAR-1417603, with additional funding contributed by the United States Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, with continued support for the facility through the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. Steve Wondzell (USFS, PNWRS) and Roy Haggerty (OSU) developed the hyporheic mesocosm facility and supported its original construction; Oregon State University’s College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences machinist, Ben Russell, helped design and then build the mesocosms; Satish Serchan led the installation and setup of the mesocosm facility. The work for dataset CF020 was led by Skuyler Herzog and Adam Ward who were supported by NSF Award EAR-1652293. Background climate, stream flow, and biogeochemistry data along with other site facilities were provided by the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest and Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, administered cooperatively by Oregon State University, the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and the Willamette National Forest and supported by the National Science Foundation under the grants DEB-1440409 and DEB-2025755. We thank the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest staff for their support with project logistics over several years. We also thank the H.J. Andrews community, who supported this project team personally and professionally through challenging times, including several wildfires and the Covid-19 pandemic. We thank many graduate and undergraduate students for their assistance with mesocosm maintenance and sampling. Data Use Agreement: The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. This Data Set is released under the Creative Commons license CC BY "Attribution" (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Creative Commons license CC BY - Attribution is a license that allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work (even commercially), as long as you are credited for the original creation. This license accommodates maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. It is considered professional conduct and an ethical obligation to acknowledge the work of other scientists. The Data User is asked to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual parts or used in the derivation of other products. A recommended citation is provided for each Data Set in the Andrews LTER data catalog (see: http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/catalog/datacatalog.aspx). A generic citation is also provided for this Data Set on the website https://portal.edirepository.org in the summary metadata page. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed and all data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. General acknowledgement: Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY-4.0 https://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/abstract.aspx?dbcode=CF020 Geographic Extent: Watershed 1 (WS01) of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest -122.25802700 -122.25802700 44.20733900 44.20733900 439 439 meter 2019-05-31 2020-08-18 Hyporheic exchange is critical to river corridor biogeochemistry, but decameter-scale flowpaths (~10-m long) are understudied due to logistical challenges (e.g., sampling at depth, multi-day transit times). Some studies suggest that decameter-scale flowpaths should have initial hot spots followed by transport-limited conditions, whereas others suggest steady reaction rates and secondary reactions that could make decameter-scale flowpaths important and unique. We investigated biogeochemistry along a 12-m hyporheic mesocosm that allowed for controlled testing of seasonal and spatial water quality changes along a flowpath with fixed geometry and constant flow rate. Our objective in this study was to quantify the controls on transport- vs. reaction limitation for multiple key constituents in a decameter-scale hyporheic flowpath. Specifically, we asked: (1) How variable is DO, N, and C biogeochemistry between summer and winter, given natural variation in both influent reactant loads and temperature? We expect seasonal water temperature and organic carbon availability to control aerobic respiration rates and the timing and location of oxic-anoxic transitions. (2) How variable is DO, N, and C biogeochemistry along a fixed-geometry, 12-m flowpath? We expect to identify the most rapid transformations (i.e., hot spots) of all three reactants at the upstream (or proximal end) of the flowpath, where influent concentrations are highest, compared to the downstream (or distal end) of the flowpath.

An update history is logged and maintained with each new version of every dataset.

notPlanned Study code and preliminary metadata established Version1 2024-07-30 Original upload of entity 1 and 2 metadata from entity_attribute spreadsheet using move_xls programs. Ran generic QC on data and uploaded to SQL. Version2 2025-05-05 Information Manager

Andrews Forest LTER Program US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331

hjaweb@lists.oregonstate.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Skuyler Herzog

Assistant Professor; Natural Resources Program; Oregon State University-Cascades

skuyler.herzog@osucascades.edu 0000-0002-2431-7649 Andrews Forest LTER Site

Forest Ecosystems and Society Department in Forestry Oregon State University 201K Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752

(541) 737-8480 lterweb@lists.oregonstate.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Field Methods - CF020 DO and temperature were measured with a handheld YSI ProODO probe. A flow-through sampling chamber was affixed to the sampling port between each mesocosm column, and the DO probe was submerged in the chamber and allowed to equilibrate. All mesocosm sampling (i.e., DO, grab samples) started at the downstream end of the mesocosm (x = 12 m) and worked upstream toward the mesocosm inlet (x = 0 m) to minimize the interference of sampling on water quality. We sampled at the ambient flow rate from tubing that connects each pipe segment rather than pumping from the porewater because pumping may disturb the ambient flow conditions. Sampling at the ambient flow rate took several hours, but this was less than the mean travel time of a single pipe segment. Water samples for DOC, NH3, NO3+NO2, and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) were collected in acid-washed 250 mL HDPE Nalgene® bottles. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) samples were collected unfiltered in acid-washed 60 mL BD® syringes. Samples were stored on ice upon collection and then delivered to the Cooperative Chemical Analytical Laboratory in Corvallis, Oregon, within 24 hours of collection. Laboratory Methods - CF020 At the Cooperative Chemical Analytical Laboratory (CCAL) in Corvallis, Oregon, unfiltered DIC was analyzed within 24 hours. Filtered DOC aliquots were separated, refrigerated, and analyzed within 48 hours for the winter sample but within 60 days for the summer sample. The remaining filtered samples were frozen for less than 60 days before being thawed and analyzed. Carbon samples were then analyzed using a Shimadzu TOC-VSCH Combustion Carbon Analyzer. NH3, NO3+NO2 were analyzed via Lachat QuikChem 8500 Flow Injection Analyzer, while TDN was analyzed by Technicon Auto-Analyzer II. All laboratory analyses followed CCAL’s standard operating procedures and thus are consistent with other water chemistry data collected at the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (for example, dataset CF002 Stream chemistry concentrations; https://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/abstractdetail.aspx?dbcode=CF002). The CCAL standard operating procedure for DOC and DIC analyses were developed from American Public Health Association (APHA) methods. Citations for the methods used in DOC and DIC analyses will be in the following format: (CCAL standard operating procedure, APHA method, comparable EPA method, method detection limit). Site Description: The mesocosm facility is located adjacent to the stream gauge of Watershed 1 (WS01), in a 2nd-order mountain stream in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest (44.20741 N, 122.25831 W). The 96-ha watershed is drained by a steep (~12% gradient) cobble and gravel-bedded stream that flows over a series of step-pool sequences formed by logs and boulders. Stream water was pumped directly from WS01 and into the mesocosm. Sampling frequency: monthly to seasonally DO and temperature profiles were monitored on 18 dates between May 2019 through August 2020. Our goal was to monitor DO and temperature profiles approximately once per month to capture a wide range of seasonal conditions, but the actual frequency of monitoring varied based on personnel availability and access conditions for this remote site. Grab samples to monitor profiles of carbon and nitrogen along the mesocosm were collected in December 2019 (hereafter referred to as winter samples) and August 2020 (hereafter referred to as summer samples) to provide more comprehensive biogeochemical analyses at time points when the DO and temperature profiles were at or near the maximum seasonal differences. Mesocosm monitoring ceased abruptly due to the Holiday Farm Fire, which burned from September through October 2020, cutting off personnel access and electrical power to the mesocosm facility. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) -122.26172200 -122.10084700 44.28196400 44.19770400 1631 1631 meter Andrews Watershed 1 -122.25683100 -122.23581300 44.20851700 44.19901700 1027 1027 meter WS1 hyporheic mesocosm facility located at WS1 gage house -122.25802700 -122.25802700 44.20733900 44.20733900 439 439 meter Posy Elizabeth Busby

Assistant Professor OSU Botany & Plant Pathology

busbyp@science.oregonstate.edu posybusby@gmail.com http://bpp.oregonstate.edu/content/posy-busby 0000-0002-2837-9820 Principal Investigator Matthew G Betts

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201E Richardson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

(541) 737-3841 matt.betts@oregonstate.edu http://www.fsl.orst.edu/flel/index.htm 0000-0002-7100-2551 Principal Investigator Brooke E. Penaluna brooke.penaluna@usda.gov Brooke.Penaluna@oregonstate.edu https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/lwm/aem/people/penaluna.html 0000-0001-7215-770X Principal Investigator Catalina Segura

Assistant Professor; Department of Forest Engineering, Resources, and Management; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

541-737-6568 catalina.segura@oregonstate.edu http://ferm.forestry.oregonstate.edu/facstaff/segura-catalina 0000-0002-0924-1172 Principal Investigator David M. Bell david.bell@usda.gov david.bell@oregonstate.edu https://lemma.forestry.oregonstate.edu/about/david-bell 0000-0002-2673-5836 Principal Investigator The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest is a living laboratory that provides unparalleled opportunities for the study of forest and stream ecosystems in the central Cascade Range of Oregon. Since 1980, as a part of the National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) program, the Andrews Experimental Forest has become a leader in the analysis of forest and stream ecosystem dynamics. Long-term field experiments and measurement programs have focused on climate dynamics, streamflow, water quality, and vegetation succession. Currently researchers are working to develop concepts and tools needed to predict effects of natural disturbance, land use, and climate change on ecosystem structure, function, and species composition. The Andrews Experimental Forest is administered cooperatively by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University and the Willamette National Forest. Funding for the research program comes from the National Science Foundation (NSF), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University, and other sources. Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. National Science Foundation: DEB2025755 National Science Foundation https://ror.org/021nxhr62 DEB2025755 https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2025755 The Andrews Forest is situated in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, and covers the entire 15,800-acre (6400-ha) drainage basin of Lookout Creek. Elevation ranges from 1350 to 5340 feet (410 to 1630 m). Broadly representative of the rugged mountainous landscape of the Pacific Northwest, the Andrews Forest contains excellent examples of the region's conifer forests and associated wildlife and stream ecosystems. These forests are among the tallest and most productive in the world, with tree heights of often greater than 250 ft (75 m). Streams are steep, cold and clean, providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms. CF02001 Dissolved oxygen profile along the mesocosm Dissolved oxygen (do) and temperature at 1m distance across a 12 meter mesocosm CF02001_v1.csv 17800 93fe770ad9924af70d36d84eb15ccbd7 1 \r\n column , " https://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/register/dataaccess.aspx?docid=CF02001_v1.csv 2019-05-31 2020-08-18 DBCODE FSDB Database Code char(5) CF020 FSDB Database Study Code ENTITY Entity number numeric(2,0) number 1 natural 1.0000 1.0000 SITECODE Code for where the experiment was conducted char(6) WS1HMF WS1 hyporheic mesocosm facility located at WS1 gage house SAMPLE_DATE date of sample collection datetime YYYY-MM-DD 5/31/2019 12:00:00 AM 8/18/2020 12:00:00 AM SAMPLE_TIME time of sample collection char(5) time of sample collection SAMPLE_ID Unique identifier for every sample (a concatenation of sample run and position) char(7) Unique identifier for every sample (a concatenation of sample run and position) SAMPLE_RUN Unique run number for the mesocosm experiment (based on sample date) numeric(2,0) number 1 natural 1.0000 18.0000 SAMPLE_POSITION Unique sample position measured during run at specifc date, time, and distance char(3) STB Stream sample before mesocosm run starts S00 Mesocosm sample at meter 0 S01 Mesocosm sample at meter 1 S02 Mesocosm sample at meter 2 S03 Mesocosm sample at meter 3 S04 Mesocosm sample at meter 4 S05 Mesocosm sample at meter 5 S06 Mesocosm sample at meter 6 S07 Mesocosm sample at meter 7 S08 Mesocosm sample at meter 8 S09 Mesocosm sample at meter 9 S10 Mesocosm sample at meter 10 S11 Mesocosm sample at meter 11 S12 Mesocosm sample at meter 12 STA Stream sample after mesocosm run conclusion DISTANCE distance along the mescocosm numeric(2,0) meters 1 whole 0.0000 12.0000 DO Dissolved oxygen concentration in water at time of collection numeric(5,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.1200 13.1600 TEMPERATURE Temperature of water at time of collection numeric(4,1) degrees Celsius 1 real 2.7000 21.1000 TRAVELTIME Median residence travel time in hyporheic mesocosm numeric(5,2) number of hours 1 real 4.5500 54.5500 PRIMARY CF02001.SAMPLE_DATE CF02001.SAMPLE_POSITION CF02001.SAMPLE_RUN CF02001.SITECODE NOTNULL CF02001.DBCODE CF02001.ENTITY CF02001.SAMPLE_DATE CF02001.SAMPLE_ID CF02001.SAMPLE_POSITION CF02001.SAMPLE_RUN CF02001.SITECODE 270 CF02002 Full Analyte Profile Full analyte profile of a winter and summer sample from watershed 1 CF02002_v1.csv 6670 9572b98650d5179c3e9c0bf91b18ee10 1 \r\n column , " https://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/register/dataaccess.aspx?docid=CF02002_v1.csv 2019-12-16 2020-08-18 DBCODE FSDB Database Code char(5) CF020 FSDB Database Study Code ENTITY Entity number numeric(2,0) number 1 natural 2.0000 2.0000 SITECODE Code for where the experiment was conducted char(6) WS1HMF WS1 hyporheic mesocosm facility located at WS1 gage house SAMPLE_DATE date of sample collection datetime YYYY-MM-DD 12/16/2019 12:00:00 AM 8/18/2020 12:00:00 AM SAMPLE_ID Unique identifier for every sample (a concatenation of sample run and position) char(7) Unique identifier for every sample (a concatenation of sample run and position) SAMPLE_RUN Unique run number for the mesocosm experiment (based on sample date) numeric(2,0) number 1 natural 1.0000 18.0000 SAMPLE_POSITION Unique sample position measured during run at specifc date, time, and distance char(3) STB Stream sample before mesocosm run starts S00 Mesocosm sample at meter 0 S01 Mesocosm sample at meter 1 S02 Mesocosm sample at meter 2 S03 Mesocosm sample at meter 3 S04 Mesocosm sample at meter 4 S05 Mesocosm sample at meter 5 S06 Mesocosm sample at meter 6 S07 Mesocosm sample at meter 7 S08 Mesocosm sample at meter 8 S09 Mesocosm sample at meter 9 S10 Mesocosm sample at meter 10 S11 Mesocosm sample at meter 11 S12 Mesocosm sample at meter 12 STA Stream sample after mesocosm run conclusion DUPLICATE Indication of whether a second sample was taken for this run and position numeric(1,0) number 1 natural 1.0000 4.0000 DISTANCE distance along the mescocosm numeric(2,0) meters 1 whole 0.0000 12.0000 DO Dissolved oxygen concentration in water at time of collection numeric(5,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.2200 13.1600 TEMPERATURE Temperature of water at time of collection numeric(4,1) degrees Celsius 1 real 2.7000 21.1000 TRAVELTIME Median residence travel time in hyporheic mesocosm numeric(5,2) number of hours 1 real 4.5500 54.5500 ALKALINITY Alkalinity as calcium carbonate (CaCO3) numeric(5,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 20.5900 34.6500 DOC Dissolved organic carbon numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.5400 1.6900 DIC Dissolved inorganic carbon numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 4.6800 9.8600 NH3N Ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration, ammonia as nitrogen numeric(5,3) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.0050 0.0180 NH3N_CODE NH3-N value qualifier code char(1) * Value is below detection limit for analysis A Accepted value N No analytical measurement NO3N Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), nitrate + nitrite as nitrogen concentration numeric(5,3) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.0010 0.1000 NO3N_CODE NO3-N value qualifier code char(1) * Value is below detection limit for analysis A Accepted value N No analytical measurement PO4P Ortho phosphorus concentration, soluble reactive phosphorus, phosphate (PO4-P) numeric(5,3) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.0230 0.1490 TDN Total dissolved nitrogen concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.0300 0.1400 TDP Total dissolved phosphorus concentration numeric(5,3) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.0210 0.1460 CL Chloride (dissolved) concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.4800 0.9700 SO4S Dissolved SO4-S concentration, sulfate as sulfur numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.1600 0.2900 NA Dissolved sodium (filtrable) concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 2.6200 3.8700 K Dissolved potassium (filtrable) concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.1800 0.3600 CA Dissolved calcium (filtrable) concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 4.4300 7.3400 MG Dissolved magnesium (filtrable) concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 1.0100 1.6500 FE Dissolved iron concentration numeric(4,2) milligrams per liter 1 real 0.0500 0.1200 FE_CODE Fe value qualifier code char(1) * Value is below detection limit for analysis A Accepted value N No analytical measurement PRIMARY CF02002.DUPLICATE CF02002.SAMPLE_DATE CF02002.SAMPLE_POSITION CF02002.SAMPLE_RUN CF02002.SITECODE NOTNULL CF02002.DBCODE CF02002.DUPLICATE CF02002.ENTITY CF02002.FE_CODE CF02002.NH3N_CODE CF02002.NO3N_CODE CF02002.SAMPLE_DATE CF02002.SAMPLE_ID CF02002.SAMPLE_POSITION CF02002.SAMPLE_RUN CF02002.SITECODE 51 meter; SI unit of length dimensionless number, i.e., ratio, count milligrams per liter Degrees Celsius; a common unit of temperature; constantToSI=273.18 one hour excluding leap seconds, 3600 seconds