uid=AND,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read SP008 Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Principal Investigator Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Abstractor Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Creator 2013-12-17 This study was conducted in different regions to determine if climatic regimes alter the effects of thinning pole stands. Forest managers are currently faced with increasingly complex demands in designing sulvicultural approaches that fulfill the need to maintain and in some cases, enhance forest health. As mature and old-growth forests with their high degree of structural heterogeneity are replaced by younger plantations with much simpler structure, there is concern that key habitat components are being lost for a number of plants and animals. A silviculture technique that could be used to increase the structural complexity of young stands to thin them; encouraging the development of higher structural complexity. The main purposes of this study is to determine how thinning pole stands influence below-ground processes. The central research question was whether or not this manipulation brings soil characteristics closer to those found in old-growth forests; in essence, accelerating the onset of old-growth-like characteristics via forest management. soil chemistry soil respiration respiration disturbance inorganic nutrients organic matter soil organic matter forests LTER controlled vocabulary Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) conifers Andrews Experimental Forest site thesaurus disturbance inorganic nutrients organic matter LTER core research areas REFERENCES N. T. Edwards. 1982. "The use of soda-lime for mesuring respiration rates in terrestrial systems". Pedobiologia 23: 321-330 Groffman P. M. and Tiedje J. M. (1989) Denitrification in north temperate forest soils: relationships between denitrification and environmental factors at the landscape scale. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 21:621-626. Keeney, D.R. (1982) Nitrogen-Availability indices. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. 2nd Edition. Agronomy no. 9 (Ed. A.L. Page). American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, pp. 711-733. Data Use Agreement: The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. This Data Set is released under the Creative Commons license CC BY "Attribution" (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Creative Commons license CC BY - Attribution is a license that allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work (even commercially), as long as you are credited for the original creation. This license accommodates maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. It is considered professional conduct and an ethical obligation to acknowledge the work of other scientists. The Data User is asked to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual parts or used in the derivation of other products. A recommended citation is provided for each Data Set in the Andrews LTER data catalog (see: http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/catalog/datacatalog.aspx). A generic citation is also provided for this Data Set on the website https://portal.edirepository.org in the summary metadata page. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed and all data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. General acknowledgement: Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/abstract.aspx?dbcode=SP008 1994-01-01 1996-01-01

An update history is logged and maintained with each new version of every dataset.

notPlanned Original metadata creation. Version1 1999-04-09 Metadata restructured and moved into SQLServer metadata database LTERMETA. Data moved into SQLServer database FSDBDATA. Version2 2002-02-27 Converted STCODE to enum, ran QC, recreate CSV file for new delimiter for upload to PASTA. Version7 2013-12-17 Information Manager

Andrews Forest LTER Program US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331

hjaweb@fsl.orst.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Donald L. Henshaw

Pacific Northwest Research Station; Corvallis Forestry Sciences Lab; 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis Oregon 97331

hja_admin@fsl.orst.edu http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-4528 Andrews Forest LTER Site

Forest Ecosystems and Society Department in Forestry Oregon State University 201K Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752

(541) 737-8480 lterweb@fsl.orst.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Field Methods - SP008 Sample Collection and Storage: Mineral soil samples were collected with a trowel to a depth of 10 cm and transported to the laboratory in an ice chest. Soils were stored at 15°C until the initiation of the analyses which was within 16 h of their receipt. Field measurements: Field forest floor respiration rates, soil temperature, and litter depth were all measured at the study sites. The 24 h forest floor respiration was measured using a standard soda-lime technique (Edwards, 1982) . At the end of the incubation period, a 10 mL headspace gas sample was removed from the incubation chambers before the soda-lime jars were removed. Headspace samples from sealed controls were used to subtract out ambient CO2 concentrations at the site prior to initiation of the incubation period. Headspace CO2 that was not absorbed by the soda lime during the incubation period was added to the total CO2 adsorbed into the soda lime. Headspace CO2 concentrations were measured on a Hewlett Packard model 5890 gas chromatograph fitted with Hewlett Packard model 3396 integrator. The GC was fitted with a flame ionization detector and a methanizer in series. The integrator was calibrated using known gas standards and the external calibration method. Laboratory Methods - SP008 The other soil characteristics measured in this study were: soil organic matter, laboratory respiration, exchangeable ammonium, mineralizable nitrogen, water extractable organic carbon, denitrification potential, pH, bulk density, and moisture. In preparation for laboratory analysis, all soils except those used in the water extractable organic carbon measurements were sieved through a 2-mm sieve. Soil organic matter was measured by loss-on-ignition at 550°C for 6 h following oven drying at 100°C. Laboratory respiration rates were measured by adding 5 g field moist soil to a 25 mL Erlenmyer flask. After being sealed with a serum bottle cap, the flasks were incubated at 24°C for one hr. Zero-time headspace-CO2 concentration measurements were made after an initial 1 h preincubation period. Flasks were subsequently incubated for 2 h at 24 °C and the headspace analyzed again for CO2. CO2 concentrations were assayed with a GC as described above. In the H2O respiration experiments, the same procedure was followed as for laboratory respiration rates except 2.0 mL of sterile H2O was added to the soils in the flasks; for SIR, 2 mL of sterile 1 mM glucose was added to the soils. Exchangeable NH4+ concentration was determined by shaking 10 g field-moist soil with 50 mL 2 M KCl for 1 h (Keeney, 1982). After adding 0.3 mL 10 M NaOH to the slurry, NH4+ concentration was measured with a Orion model 95-12 ammonium electrode (Orion Research Inc. Boston, Ma, USA). Mineralizable N was measured using the waterlogged technique (Keeney, 1982). Ten g of field-moist soil was added to 53 mL of distilled water in a 20 x 125 mm screw cap test tube and incubating at 40°C. After 7 days, 53 ml of 4 M KCl was added to the slurry and NH4+ concentration was determined with the ammonium electrode. Mineralizable N was calculated from the difference between initial and final NH4+ concentrations. Water extractable organic carbon (DOC) determinations were made using a Dormann Carbon Analyzer. DOC extractions were made on nonsieved samples. Five g of wet weight soil were slurried with 15 ml of water in 100 mL serum bottles and shaken for one hour at 24°C. Subsamples of the resulting slurry were centrifuged at 13,600 x g for 5 min. on a microfuge (Sorvall model MC12 V). Water-only blanks were run concomitantly to subtract out background organic carbon levels. Supernatants were extracted from the centrifuge tubes and frozen until analyzed. Just before analyzing the samples, they were thawed and vortexed to suspend the precipitate. A series of experiments conducted with identical subsamples had the following treatments: (1) not frozen, (2) frozen with vortexing, and (3) frozen without vortexing. It was found that treatments 1 and 2 produced the same result therefore we concluded that the freezing and subsequent resuspension did not bias the resulting measurements. Denitrification potential was measured using a method similar that used by Groffman and Tiedje (1989). Each reaction vessel (25 mL Erlenmeyer flask) contained 5 g of less than 2mm, field-moist soil. The flask was sealed with a rubber serum bottle stopper and purged with Ar to displace O2 in the headspace. After purging with argon, 2 mL of a 1mM solution of glucose and NO3- was added to the flask which were incubated at 25°C for one hr. This preincubation period was used because time series experiments on representative soils showed a lag in N2O production during this period. The same experiments have shown linear N2O production rates during the following 2-4 hr. After the preincubation period, 0.5 mL of headspace gas was removed from the reaction vessel and injected into a gas chromatograph fitted with an electron capture detector (Hewlett Packard model 5890 GC fitted with Hewlett Packard model 3396 integrator). Another headspace N2O analysis was made after an additional two hr incubation at 25°C. The net N2O released over this 2 h period was used to estimate N2O production rates. Acetylene was not routinely added to the headspace to prevent the conversion of N2O to N2 because randomly selected samples (10% of the total) were also assayed with a 10% acetylene atmosphere. There were no significant differences between N2O production rates with and without acetylene. Soil pH was measured in 1:10 (soil: distilled water) slurries of oven-dried (100°C) soil. These slurries were shaken for 1 h prior to reading pH values with Sigma model E4753 electrode. Sampling frequency: once only Each of the three forest types; oldgrowth, thinned pole and pole stands (OG. T, and P) used in this study were organized into triads to reduce confounding elements while comparing treatments. Individual sites within each triad were matched by elevation, aspect and proximity. Three triads were analyzed in each of the three regions. At each site, soil samples were collected to a depth of 10 cm every 5 m along a 250 m transect. Sherri L. Johnson

US Forest Service ;Pacific NW Research Station ;3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-758-7771 sherri.johnson2@usda.gov sherri.johnson@oregonstate.edu https://www.fs.fed.us/research/people/profile.php?alias=sherrijohnson Principal Investigator Julia A. Jones

Oregon State University;Department of Geosciences; Wilkinson Hall 104 Corvallis OR 97331-5506 USA

(541) 737-1224 Julia.Jones@oregonstate.edu geojulia@comcast.net http://ceoas.oregonstate.edu/profile/jones/ http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-8925 Principal Investigator Matthew G Betts

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201E Richardson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

(541) 737-3841 matt.betts@oregonstate.edu http://www.fsl.orst.edu/flel/index.htm Principal Investigator Michael P. Nelson

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201K Richarson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

541-737-9221 mpnelson@oregonstate.edu http://www.michaelpnelson.com http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4752 Principal Investigator David Bell david.bell@usda.gov david.bell@oregonstate.edu https://lemma.forestry.oregonstate.edu/about/david-bell Principal Investigator The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest is a living laboratory that provides unparalleled opportunities for the study of forest and stream ecosystems in the central Cascade Range of Oregon. Since 1980, as a part of the National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) program, the Andrews Experimental Forest has become a leader in the analysis of forest and stream ecosystem dynamics. Long-term field experiments and measurement programs have focused on climate dynamics, streamflow, water quality, and vegetation succession. Currently researchers are working to develop concepts and tools needed to predict effects of natural disturbance, land use, and climate change on ecosystem structure, function, and species composition. The Andrews Experimental Forest is administered cooperatively by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University and the Willamette National Forest. Funding for the research program comes from the National Science Foundation (NSF), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University, and other sources. Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. National Science Foundation: DEB1440409 The Andrews Forest is situated in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, and covers the entire 15,800-acre (6400-ha) drainage basin of Lookout Creek. Elevation ranges from 1350 to 5340 feet (410 to 1630 m). Broadly representative of the rugged mountainous landscape of the Pacific Northwest, the Andrews Forest contains excellent examples of the region's conifer forests and associated wildlife and stream ecosystems. These forests are among the tallest and most productive in the world, with tree heights of often greater than 250 ft (75 m). Streams are steep, cold and clean, providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms. 1 SP00801 Data for BLM thinned pole stand study: SP00801.csv 160995 7cc56880bee641bdba6331b3715eff97 1 \r\n column , " http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/ltermeta/ltersearch/dataaccess.aspx?docid=SP00801_v2.csv STCODE FSDB Database Study code char(10) SP008 FSDB Database Study code SP008 FORMAT Format number numeric(1,0) number 1.000000 natural 1.0000 1.0000 REGION Region char(6) CA Cascades CO Coastal SO Southern oregon TREAT Treatment type char(7) OG Oldgrowth P Pole stand T Thinned pole stand TRIAD Triad number numeric(1,0) number 1 natural 1.0000 3.0000 LOCAT Position along transect where sample is taken, 1 = start of transect char(9) Position along transect where sample is taken, 1 = start of transect DISTANCE Distance in meters from beginning of transect numeric(8,0) meters 1.000000 whole 0.0000 245.0000 HEADSP Concentration of CO2 in chamber at end of incubation time numeric(8,3) percent 0.001000 real 0.0070 0.3720 TOTALCO2 Amount of CO2 released from forest floor per sq. meter per day numeric(8,3) grams per square meter per day 0.001000 real -0.4400 4.3340 LABRESP Co2 released from soils incubated at 15 deg C with no amendments (dry weight basis) numeric(8,3) micromoles per gram per hour 0.001000 real -0.0690 3.5600 H2ORESP CO2 released from soils incubated at 15 deg C amended with water (dry weight basis) numeric(8,3) micromoles per gram per hour 0.001000 real -1.1440 2.7030 SIR CO2 released from soils incubated at 15 deg C amended with 1 um glucose (dry weight basis) numeric(8,3) micromoles per gram per hour 0.001000 real -1.8280 4.0130 LITTER Letter depth numeric(8,3) centimeters 0.001000 real 0.0000 190.0000 SOILTEMP Soil temperature numeric(8,3) degrees Celsius 0.001000 real 6.0000 19.5000 BULKDENSIT Bulk density numeric(8,3) grams per gram 0.001000 real 0.0000 1.3390 PH pH numeric(8,3) pH units 0.001000 real 3.7300 7.5900 FDW Wt fraction dry/wet wt soil numeric(8,3) number 0.001000 real 0.1480 0.9930 PERMOI Percent moisture (wet-dry/dry)x100 numeric(8,2) percent 0.010000 real 0.7000 575.6800 SOM Percent soil organic matter in mineral soil (by compustion at 550 c) numeric(8,2) percent 0.010000 real 5.2400 95.4300 EXTRAMM Concentration of ammoniom extracted with 2m KCl (dry weight basis) numeric(9,3) micrograms per gram 0.001000 real 0.0000 30.3200 MIN_N Cencentration ammoniom after incubaton at 40 deg C for 7 days (dry weight basis) numeric(8,1) micrograms per gram 0.100000 real 1.4000 451.1000 DOC Dissolved organic carbon extracted from soils (dry weight basis) numeric(8,1) micrograms per gram 0.100000 real 0.0000 15.2000 DENI Denitrification potential on a dry weight basis numeric(8,3) nanomoles per gram per hour 0.001000 real -2.5700 61.6400 PRIMARY SP00801.DISTANCE SP00801.LOCAT SP00801.REGION SP00801.TREAT SP00801.TRIAD NOTNULL SP00801.DISTANCE SP00801.FORMAT SP00801.LOCAT SP00801.REGION SP00801.STCODE SP00801.TREAT SP00801.TRIAD 1350 grams per gram (often in terms of dry weight) nanomoles per gram per hour meter; SI unit of length centimeters; .01 meters micrograms per gram Scale used for pH measurements micromoles per g per hour percent; a number Degrees Celsius; a common unit of temperature; constantToSI=273.18 grams per square meter per day dimensionless number, i.e., ratio, count