uid=AND,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read SP012 Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Principal Investigator Robert P. Griffiths

Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752 USA

(541) 737-6559 bbgriff@peak.org griff@for.orst.edu Creator 2016-09-23 This study represents only one portion of a much larger study involving a wide range of disciplines and several H.J. Andrews Forest researchers. This dataset represents all the soils data collected up through the summer of 1999. In addition, Steve Acker conducted surveys of vegetation and measuring tree growth using cores. Mark Harmon has conducted a survey of coarse woody debris. Future studies could include hydrology and species diversity. When we compared the soil characteristics between slow and expected recovery sites, the only variables showing significant differences were soil moisture, litter depth and substrate induced respiration (SIR) rates at low glucose concentrations. The litter depth was slightly less, soil moisture lower, and SIR rates higher in the slow sites. When we compared soils in adjacent uncut forests, we found that field respiration rates were lower in forests adjacent to slow recovery sites than to normal sites suggesting that these sites may have inherently lower productivities. We concluded that slow recovery after clear-cutting is most likely related to physical site characteristics; i.e. steepness of slope and aspect. There did not appear to be any difference in soil depth. succession primary production recovery inorganic nutrients soil forests LTER controlled vocabulary Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Andrews Experimental Forest site thesaurus primary production inorganic nutrients LTER core research areas Keeney, D.R., and Bremner, J.M. 1966. Comparison and evaluation of laboratory methods of obtaining an index of soil nitrogen availability. Agronomical Journal 58, 498-503. Keeney, D.R., and Nelson, D.W. 1982. Nitrogen-inorganic forms. In Methods of soil analysis. Edited by A.L. Page, R.H. Miller, and D.R. Keeney. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, Wis. pp. 643-698. 1998 students:Michael Madritch, Brian Mitchell, Edwin Price, Ronald Slangen, and Cedar Johnson.1999 students:Rachel S. Heichen, Renee N. Gambell, and Claire K. Lunch .The National Science Foundation provided financial support from grants. Data Use Agreement: The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. This Data Set is released under the Creative Commons license CC BY "Attribution" (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Creative Commons license CC BY - Attribution is a license that allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work (even commercially), as long as you are credited for the original creation. This license accommodates maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. It is considered professional conduct and an ethical obligation to acknowledge the work of other scientists. The Data User is asked to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual parts or used in the derivation of other products. A recommended citation is provided for each Data Set in the Andrews LTER data catalog (see: http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/catalog/datacatalog.aspx). A generic citation is also provided for this Data Set on the website https://portal.edirepository.org in the summary metadata page. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed and all data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. General acknowledgement: Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 1440409), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. If data used in publication, the PI will be listed as a coauthor. Whenever these data are presented in whatever form, the PI will be acknowledged. http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/abstract.aspx?dbcode=SP012 The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest. -12.25879300 -122.09952700 44.28226000 44.20127400 421 1627 meter 1999-06-06 2000-07-07 All Organisms All Organisms Highest common category (ca. kingdom) Fungi Division or Phylum Basidiomycota Division or Phylum Basidiomycetes Order Phallales Family Hysterangiaceae Genus Hysterangium Family Gomphaceae Genus Gautieria Currently, there is little information on how site characteristics influence the probable trajectory of vegetative succession after clear-cutting. It was thought that forest soil chemical and biological characteristics might predispose a site for fast or slow recovery in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Since vegetation is known to significantly influence forest soil characteristics, it was also thought that the speed with which conifers become reestablished on a site might influence soil characteristics. This study was designed to address these two hypotheses.

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irregular Original metadata creation. Version1 2001-04-30 Metadata restructured and moved into SQLServer metadata database LTERMETA. Data moved into SQLServer database FSDBDATA. Version2 2002-03-06 Preparing dataset to upload to PASTA. Made some revisions to entity (see entity_update_history). Version7 2016-09-23 Information Manager

Andrews Forest LTER Program US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331

hjaweb@fsl.orst.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Andrews Forest LTER Site

Forest Ecosystems and Society Department in Forestry Oregon State University 201K Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752

(541) 737-8480 lterweb@fsl.orst.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Field Methods - SP012 For the microbiological studies, five 4.8 x 10 cm cores were taken randomly within each of the three sample plots with all cores separated by at least 5 m. These cores were analyzed for the presence of ectomycorrhizal mats and then bulked into one large sample from which subsamples were taken for the laboratory studies. Soil temperatures and litter depths were measured at each coring location using a calibrated dial thermometer to a depth of 10 cm and a ruler respectively. The following measurements were made in the field: litter depth, soil depth, mineral soil respiration, ambient light, soil temperature and ectomycorrhizal mat characteristics. Field (mineral soil) respiration rates were measured with a nondispersive, infrared CO2 analyzer (Li-Cor, LI-6200). Measurements were made over a period of 1 min after the chamber gas reached ambient CO2 concentration. The instrument was calibrated on site against a known standard at each location. A Q10 adjustment was made for ambient soil temperature. Soil temperature was measured by electronic thermometers calibrated at 0 degrees C with ice water. The temperature probes were inserted into the mineral soil to a depth of 10 cm. Light was measured with the Li-Cor photometer. The distribution of ectomycorrhizal mats was determined visually in the field by inspecting the relative abundance of mats in 4.7 x 10 cm cores. Two distinct mat types were scored: (1) mats similar to those of the genus Hysterangium and (2) mats similar to those of the genus Gautieria. This approach has been used successfully in the past to document ectomycorrhizal mat distribution patterns in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest (Griffiths et al. 1996). Laboratory Methods - SP012 The fraction dried weight and all laboratory measurements where taken on bulked soil samples that had been sieved through a 2mm mesh screen. Soil moisture was determined by drying duplicate 10 g field-moist sieved soils at 100 degrees C for at least 8 h. The percent soil moisture was calculated by dividing the difference between wet and dry samples and dividing that number by the dry wt., which was then multiplied by 100. Soil organic matter was measured by loss-on-ignition at 550 degrees C for 6 h after oven drying at 100 degrees C. Duplicate denitrification potential measurements were made using a method by Groffman and Tiedje (1989) as modified by us (Griffiths et al., 1998). Each reaction vessel (25-mL Erlenmeyer flask) contained 5 g of less than 2 mm, field-moist soil. Flasks were sealed with rubber serum bottle stoppers and purged with Ar to displace O2 in the headspace gas. After purging with Ar, 2 mL of a 1 mM solution of glucose and NO3- was added to each flask. Flasks were subsequently incubated at 25 degrees C for 1 h. This preincubation period was used because previous time-series experiments showed a lag in N2O production during this period. The same experiments have shown linear N2O production rates during the following 2-4 h (unpublished data). After the preincubation period, 0.5 mL of headspace gas was removed from the reaction vessel and injected into a gas chromatograph (GC) fitted with an electron capture detector (Hewlett Packard model 5890 GC, connected to a Hewlett Packard model 3396 integrator). The integrator was calibrated by the external calibration method with known gas standards. A second headspace N2O analysis was made after an additional 2-h incubation at 25¡ÆC. The net N2O released over this 2-h period was used to estimate N2O production rates. Duplicate laboratory respiration measurements were made on field-moist, sieved soils (4 g dry weight). These rates represent the basal respiration rate for soil microorganisms. Soils were brought to 75% moisture content by the addition of enough sterile deionized water to equal 3 g water per 25-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Once sealed with serum bottle stoppers, the flasks were incubated at 24 degrees C for 1 h before the first headspace CO2 measurement was made. The flasks were incubated for another 2 h and headspace CO2 concentration was again measured using gas chromatography. Long-term respiration rates (LTR) were measured in the same way as the laboratory respiration rates but the samples were incubated for 14 days. This provided a relative index of labile carbon in these soils. The same GC and integrator as were used for this assay as that used to measure N2O, but in this case a flame ionization detector and a methanizer in series were used. Beta-glucosidase activity was determined by the spectrophotometric assay of Tabatabai and Bremmer (1969), as modified by Zou et al. (1992). One mL of 10 mM p-nitrophenyl b-D glucopyranoside substrate was added to duplicate 1-mL subsamples containing a soil slurry (1 gdw in 1 mL deionized H2O). The tubes were shaken and then placed with duplicate controls without substrate in a 30 degrees C water bath for 2 h. After incubating, 1 mL of 10 mM p-nitrophenyl b-D glucopyranoside was added to the controls, and all reactions were immediately stopped by the addition of 2 mL of 0.1 M tris[hydroxymethyl]aminomethane at pH 12.0. The mixtures were centrifuged for 5 min at 500 x g. From the supernatant, 0.2 mL was diluted with 2.0 mL deionized water. The optical density was measured at 410 nm, and a standard curve was prepared from 0.02 to 1.0 micro-mol/mL p-nitrophenol (pNP). Duplicate aliquots and controls were run for all samples. Sampling frequency: One set of measurements was made at each site. There were two main objectives of this research. The first was to determine how slow vegetative succession influences soil properties. The second was to determine if soil characteristics influence early succession rates after forest clear-cut. To meet these objectives, a set of 24 research stands was selected on the H.J. Andrews and the adjacent Blue River watershed. Six sites exhibiting slow canopy closure 40 years post-harvest and 6 sites showing normal or expected rates of canopy closure. In addition, adjacent unharvested stands acted as pseudocontrols bring the total number of study stands to 24. Since elevation was thought to also influence recovery rates, half of the sites were at low elevations and half were at high elevations. Within each stand, three sample plots were established. Site selection for this study was done in two phases; aerial photos, harvest records, TM imagery, DEM data and topographic maps were analyzed to identify candidate sites. From that cohort, the 12 sites used in this study were those which covered at least 5 hectares and where reasonable matches could be made between slow and expected sites at the same elevation. All sites were within the Blue River and Quartz Creek drainages of the Central Oregon Cascade Mountains in and adjacent to the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. Within each of these sites, three 250 m2 sample plots were established which were 17.42 m in diameter and separated by at least 100 m. All harvested plots were approximately the same age (40 years). Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) -122.26172200 -122.10084700 44.28196400 44.19770400 1631 1631 meter Cascade Head Experimental Forest -123.99172777 -123.89730000 45.06476948 45.03130000 Sherri L. Johnson

US Forest Service ;Pacific NW Research Station ;3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-758-7771 sherri.johnson2@usda.gov sherri.johnson@oregonstate.edu https://www.fs.fed.us/research/people/profile.php?alias=sherrijohnson Principal Investigator Julia A. Jones

Oregon State University;Department of Geosciences; Wilkinson Hall 104 Corvallis OR 97331-5506 USA

(541) 737-1224 Julia.Jones@oregonstate.edu geojulia@comcast.net http://ceoas.oregonstate.edu/profile/jones/ http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-8925 Principal Investigator Hannah Gosnell

Geosciences;Oregon State University;260 Wilkinson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5506 USA

541-737-1222 gosnellh@geo.oregonstate.edu http://ceoas.oregonstate.edu/profile/gosnell/ Principal Investigator Matthew G Betts

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201E Richardson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

(541) 737-3841 matt.betts@oregonstate.edu http://www.fsl.orst.edu/flel/index.htm Principal Investigator Michael P. Nelson

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201K Richarson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

541-737-9221 mpnelson@oregonstate.edu http://www.michaelpnelson.com http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4752 Principal Investigator The Andrews Forest is situated in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, and covers the entire 15,800-acre (6400-ha) drainage basin of Lookout Creek. Elevation ranges from 1350 to 5340 feet (410 to 1630 m). Broadly representative of the rugged mountainous landscape of the Pacific Northwest, the Andrews Forest contains excellent examples of the region's conifer forests and associated wildlife and stream ecosystems. These forests are among the tallest and most productive in the world, with tree heights of often greater than 250 ft (75 m). Streams are steep, cold and clean, providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms. 1 SP01201 Soil component of early succession study: SP01201.csv 3386 026455467d91169869a1502f7a3d8352 1 \r\n column , " http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/ltermeta/ltersearch/dataaccess.aspx?docid=SP01201_v2.csv 1999-06-06 2000-07-07 DBCODE Database code char(5) SP012 FSDB dataset code SP012 ENTITY Entity number numeric(1,0) number 1.000000 natural 1.0000 1.0000 SITE Site designator used for all segments of this study numeric(3,0) number 1.000000 natural 207.0000 739.0000 TREATSET Treatment set pairing expected sites with slow sites numeric(1,0) number 1.000000 natural 1.0000 6.0000 TREATMENT Treatments: controls were adjacent oldgrowth controls; exper were the experimental plots char(6) control Control treatment in adjacent old-growth forest exper Experimental plot treatment CCRATE Rate of recovery (canopy closure) char(8) slow slow canopy closure 40 years post-harvest expected normal or expected rates of canopy closure ELEVATION High and low elevation sites (explicit) char(4) low low elevation site high high elevation site HYSTER Percentage of core containing mycorrhizal mats like those of the genus Hysterangium numeric(2,0) percent 1.000000 whole 0.0000 100.0000 GAUT Percentage of core containing mycorrhizal mats like those of the genus Gautieria numeric(3,0) percent 1.000000 whole 0.0000 100.0000 DEPTH Soil depth numeric(4,1) centimeters 0.100000 real 25.0000 70.0000 COEFVAR Coefficient of variability for soil depth measurements numeric(4,1) percent 0.100000 real 30.0000 70.0000 LITTER Litter depth numeric(1,0) centimeters 1.000000 natural 0.0000 10.0000 BULKDENS Bulkdensity numeric(5,3) grams per cubic centimeter 0.001000 real 0.1260 1.1360 MOIST Percent moisture numeric(4,1) percent 0.100000 real 0.0000 110.0000 SOILTEMP Soil temperature measured with LiCor numeric(4,1) degrees Celsius 0.100000 real 9.0000 20.0000 LIGHT Amount of light measured with LiCor numeric(5,1) micromoles per square meter per second 0.100000 real 0.0000 500.0000 SOM Soil organic matter numeric(5,2) percent 0.010000 real 10.0000 40.0000 PH pH numeric(5,2) pH units 0.010000 real 4.0000 6.0000 EXAMM Extractable ammonium numeric(4,2) micromoles per gram per day 0.010000 real 0.0000 1.0000 MINN Mineralizable nitrogen numeric(4,2) micromoles per gram per day 0.010000 real 0.0000 10.0000 DENIT Denitrification potential (as N) numeric(3,1) nanograms per gram per hour 0.100000 real 0.0000 10.0000 B_GLUC Beta-glucosidase activity numeric(5,3) micromoles per gram per hour 0.001000 real 0.0000 1.0000 LTR Long-term laboratory respiration; one week (as C) numeric(4,1) micrograms per gram per week 0.100000 real 0.0000 40.0000 LABRESP Laboratory respiration rates; two h (as C) numeric(5,2) micrograms per gram per hour 0.010000 real 0.0000 5.0000 FLDRESP Field respiration rates numeric(5,2) grams per square meter per day 0.010000 real 0.0000 30.0000 SIR_1NM Substrate-induced respiration with 1 nM glucose added (as C) numeric(5,3) micrograms per gram per hour 0.001000 real 0.0000 1.0000 SIR_1M Substrate-induced respiration with 1 M glucose added (as C) numeric(5,3) micrograms per gram per hour 0.001000 real 0.0000 2.0000 PRIMARY SP01201.TREATSET SP01201.TREATMENT SP01201.CCRATE SP01201.ELEVATION NOTNULL SP01201.DBCODE SP01201.ENTITY SP01201.SITE SP01201.TREATSET SP01201.TREATMENT SP01201.CCRATE SP01201.ELEVATION SP01201.HYSTER SP01201.GAUT SP01201.DEPTH SP01201.COEFVAR SP01201.LITTER SP01201.MOIST SP01201.SOILTEMP SP01201.LIGHT SP01201.SOM SP01201.PH SP01201.EXAMM SP01201.MINN SP01201.DENIT SP01201.B_GLUC SP01201.LTR SP01201.LABRESP SP01201.FLDRESP SP01201.SIR_1NM SP01201.SIR_1M 24 dimensionless number, i.e., ratio, count centimeters; .01 meters grams per cubic centimeter Degrees Celsius; a common unit of temperature; constantToSI=273.18 micromoles per square meter per second percent; a number Scale used for pH measurements micromoles per gram per day nanograms/gram*hour micromoles per g per hour micrograms per gram per week grams per square meter per day micrograms per gram per hour