uid=AND,o=lter,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all public read SS009 Frederick J. Swanson

USDA Forest Service;Pacific NW Research Station;3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

(541) 750-7355 fred.swanson@oregonstate.edu Samuel Schmieding historiador_ambiental@yahoo.com Donald L. Henshaw

Pacific Northwest Research Station; Corvallis Forestry Sciences Lab; 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis Oregon 97331

hja_admin@fsl.orst.edu http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5952-4528 Frederick J. Swanson

USDA Forest Service;Pacific NW Research Station;3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

(541) 750-7355 fred.swanson@oregonstate.edu Principal Investigator Max G. Geier

Western Oregon University;Dept. of History Monmouth OR 97361 USA

(541)753-2336 (503) 838-8369 geierm@wou.edu Other Researcher Michael P. Nelson

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201K Richarson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

541-737-9221 mpnelson@oregonstate.edu http://www.michaelpnelson.com http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4752 Other Researcher Samuel Schmieding historiador_ambiental@yahoo.com Method Contact Frederick J. Swanson

USDA Forest Service;Pacific NW Research Station;3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

(541) 750-7355 fred.swanson@oregonstate.edu Creator Samuel Schmieding historiador_ambiental@yahoo.com Creator 2019-12-30 Oral history interviews have been conducted over the last two decades with members of the Andrews Forest community who provided valuable historical information about the program and related issues. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the experimental forest (1998), history professor Max Geier (Western Oregon University) conducted 33 interviews with individuals (or pairs of people) and five research groups from 1996-1998. About 20 years later (2013-2018) historian Sam Schmieding (Oregon State University) conducted an additional 10 oral histories, including some with people who had been interviewed by Geier 20 years earlier. Several additional relevant oral histories with people who have been important in the history of the Andrews Forest have been conducted and are also included in this collection. This data package includes an inventory and transcripts of these oral history interviews including brief biosketches of interviewees. history historical value forest ecosystems LTER controlled vocabulary H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest (AND) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) attitudes and perceptions public participation experimental forests Andrews Experimental Forest site thesaurus Max Geier undertook a set of oral histories to support preparation of the book Necessary Work : Discovering Old Forests, New Outlooks, and Community on the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 1948-2000 (2007. U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. General Tech. Rept. PNW-GTR-687). At the time, he was a professor of western United States history at Western Oregon University, specializing in natural resource-based human communities. His dissertation studies at Washington State University concerned wheat farming communities on both sides of the US-Canada border. Geier approached study of the Andrews Forest as a history of the research and land management community associated with the Andrews, and the relation of that community with local communities, especially the town of Blue River. This study and its oral histories came at a crucial time in the history of the Andrews Forest – it was only a few years after the “Forest Wars” and its intense public debates about the future of Federal forests, in which people associated with the Andrews were deeply involved. Hence, memories were fresh, yet the period of interviews was separated by several years from these tumultuous times, so there had been time to reflect. This history project on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of establishment of the Andrews Forest was funded initially by the PNW Station, and further supported by the Andrews Forest Long-Term Ecological Research program and private funds. Sam Schmieding completed a Ph.D. in history at Arizona State University in 2002 with a focus on environmental history and the American West, and a dissertation studying the historical geographies of the Colorado Plateau. Before that, he had been a journalist, photographer and tour guide in the Southwest. After graduating from ASU, he worked 2 years with the Central Arizona-Phoenix Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, developing a historical archive of materials associated with water in Arizona’s pre-statehood era. He was then commissioned by the National Park Service to write a history of Canyonlands National Park, doing so under a cooperative agreement between the NPS and ASU where he also taught U.S. and world history. The book was completed in 2007. He began a project in July 2013 to professionally curate records of the Andrews Forest, and to digitize key documents from that collection. As the 70th anniversary of the forest approached, he was commissioned to do a new set of oral histories on the Andrews Forest, including several people interviewed by Geier 20 years earlier. Schmieding also digitized professional and personal records from H.J. Andrews-the-man that have been saved by his family, including condolence letters from many famous people to his widow on the occasion of his untimely death. He was also enlisted by PNW Station to conduct a set of 13 oral histories of key participants in the Northwest Forest Plan and related issues, with most of these connecting integrally with Andrews Forest history. This work was also supported by Andrews Forest LTER program and private funding. Related PublicationsDuncan, Sally. 1999. Openings in the forest: the Andrews story. In: Forest History Today. Durham, NC: Forest History Society ; Fall: 20-28.Geier, Max G. 2007. Necessary work: discovering old forests, new outlooks, and community on the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, 1948-2000. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-687. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 357 p.Related FilesTitle: Geier oral history transcripts, 1996-1998Description: Transcripts from the Max Geier (Western Oregon University) interviews conducted with individuals (or pairs of people) and five research groups from 1996-1998 on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the Andrews Experimental Forest (1998).URL: https://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/data/studies/ss009/Geier_pdfs.zipTitle: Geier oral history project description, notes and biosketchesDescription: Notes on the Geier oral history collection with mention of related collections and including biosketches of the historians and intervieweesURL: https://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/data/studies/ss009/GeierOralHistories_SwansonNotes_biosketches.pdfTitle: Geier audio files at Oregon State University LibrariesDescription: Max Geier audio files at SCARC (Special Collections and Archives Research Center) with the audio, transcripts, mugshots, biosketches in their Forestry Voices oral history programURL: http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/forestryvoices/main Data Use Agreement: The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. This Data Set is released under the Creative Commons license CC BY "Attribution" (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Creative Commons license CC BY - Attribution is a license that allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work (even commercially), as long as you are credited for the original creation. This license accommodates maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. It is considered professional conduct and an ethical obligation to acknowledge the work of other scientists. The Data User is asked to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual parts or used in the derivation of other products. A recommended citation is provided for each Data Set in the Andrews LTER data catalog (see: http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/catalog/datacatalog.aspx). A generic citation is also provided for this Data Set on the website https://portal.edirepository.org in the summary metadata page. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator. While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed and all data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data. General acknowledgement: Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. Geier oral history interviews are complete and included here. Schmieding oral histories as part of the Andrews History Project and the Northwest Forest Plan are in preparation and will be available at a later date. http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/abstract.aspx?dbcode=SS009 The primary geographic focus of the oral histories is the Andrews Experimental Forest LTER site but also references satellite research areas including Research Natural Areas, the forest vegetation plot network extending across the region, programmatically-related experimental watershed sites at Coyote Creek/South Umpqua Experimental Forest and Fox Creek / Bull Run Experimental Watersheds (East of Portland). Materials concerning the LTER network, NADP, and other research and monitoring programs have national applications, and the International LTER Network and UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Network have global outreach. -122.26172200 -122.10084700 44.28196400 44.19770400 412 1631 meter 1991-11-22 2018-02-17 The oral history collections are part of the Andrews Forest History Project undertaken in 2013 to locate, organize, inventory, and archive the program records for the purposes of supporting site and research administration, and also to support future history scholarship concerning program and site administration, education, science-management partnership activities, and other matters.

An update history is logged and maintained with each new version of every dataset.

notPlanned Study code and preliminary metadata established Version1 2019-09-30 This data set is a catalog of the Geier, Schmieding (HJA), Schmieding (NWFP), and miscellaneous oral histories related to the Andrews Forest History Project. The Geier interview transcripts are complet here with the Schmieding oral histories still in preparation. Version2 2019-12-30 Information Manager

Andrews Forest LTER Program US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station 3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331

hjaweb@fsl.orst.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Andrews Forest LTER Site

Forest Ecosystems and Society Department in Forestry Oregon State University 201K Richardson Hall Corvallis OR 97331-5752

(541) 737-8480 lterweb@fsl.orst.edu http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/ Field Methods - SS009 The Max Geier set of oral histories of Andrews people made in 1996-1998 is now on line in the Oregon State University Special Collections and Archives Research Center's (SCARC) Voices collections here: http://scarc.library.oregonstate.edu/omeka/exhibits/show/forestryvoices/main/ This representation includes audio, transcripts, mug shots, and short biosketches of the participants. The Geier interviews included both individuals and groups who worked together over years. Recordings were made on mini-cassette tapes and the quality of the equipment and its placement resulted in recordings of quite varied quality. In 2018 SCARC arranged for the mini-cassette audio records to be digitized and enhanced, but the quality remains varied. Transcripts were produced by undergraduate students of Max Geier at Western Oregon University and in some cases Geier edited them. In 2018 Fred Swanson and then Sam Schmieding edited the transcripts without checking them against the audio records, except in the case of the IBP Group interview. The quality of the audio of that interview is good, so Swanson edited the transcript with special attention to having correct identification of the speakers.The mini-cassettes from the 1996-98 interviews are stored with SCARC. Processing Procedures - SS009 Some considerations used in writing the biosketches and narrative outlines of the oral histories: These interviews differ from ones concerning the entire career of an individual; these focus on their involvement with the Andrews Forest, so the biosketches represent that focus. The biosketches were written by Fred Swanson, based on information in the interview and his personal knowledge from working at Andrews Forest since 1972. Many interviewees in the Geier oral histories continued to be associated with the Andrews Forest, so the biosketch gives information on that history beyond the date of the interview. In each biosketch reference is made to all interviews of that single interviewee – a few people were interviewed at two dates and some people were in both single and group interviews or in two group interviews in the Geier project. The NW Forest Plan biosketches are longer than ones for Andrews. Only the four NWFP people had substantial involvement with the Andrews Forest. Note – in the biosketches: D = Deceased as of 03/15/19 The field locations represented in these records include the Andrews Forest itself, its many satellite research sites (hydrology-vegetation/most in Pacific Northwest), and partner research programs across the U.S. (e.g., LTER network) and the globe (e.g., in the International LTER network) Sampling frequency: Irregular sets of interviews The oral histories are grouped as collections by project with the two main projects triggered in part by the 50th and 70th anniversaries of establishment of the Andrews Experimental Forest.These two oral interview projects were separated by about 20 years, which may be a periodization relevant to inter-generational changes in the Andrews Forest program and leadership, but there is no commitment to keeping that frequency. Four separate collections of oral history interviews are provided with transcripts and biosketches of the interviewees available here. The collections are as follows: 1) Oral history interviews were conducted by Max Geier in the context of his study of the history of the Andrews Forest community around the time of the 50th anniversary of the experimental forest (ca. 1996-1998), which was published as his book Necessary Work as a USFS PNW Station General Technical Report in 2007. 2) Historian Sam Schmieding conducted oral history interviews (2013-2018) in the context of the Andrews Forest History Project, which were created in conjunction with the Andrews Forest 70 year anniversary. 3) Schmieding conducted additional oral history interviews to discuss the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP). 4) Several additional oral history interviews and one public lecture (Jerry Franklin) are also included in the collection because they provide personal recollections relevant to interpreting Andrews Forest history. Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) -122.26172200 -122.10084700 44.28196400 44.19770400 1631 1631 meter Sherri L. Johnson

US Forest Service ;Pacific NW Research Station ;3200 SW Jefferson Way Corvallis OR 97331 USA

541-758-7771 sherri.johnson2@usda.gov sherri.johnson@oregonstate.edu https://www.fs.fed.us/research/people/profile.php?alias=sherrijohnson Principal Investigator Julia A. Jones

Oregon State University;Department of Geosciences; Wilkinson Hall 104 Corvallis OR 97331-5506 USA

(541) 737-1224 Julia.Jones@oregonstate.edu geojulia@comcast.net http://ceoas.oregonstate.edu/profile/jones/ http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-8925 Principal Investigator Matthew G Betts

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201E Richardson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

(541) 737-3841 matt.betts@oregonstate.edu http://www.fsl.orst.edu/flel/index.htm Principal Investigator Michael P. Nelson

Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201K Richarson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331

541-737-9221 mpnelson@oregonstate.edu http://www.michaelpnelson.com http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4752 Principal Investigator David Bell david.bell@usda.gov david.bell@oregonstate.edu https://lemma.forestry.oregonstate.edu/about/david-bell Principal Investigator The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest is a living laboratory that provides unparalleled opportunities for the study of forest and stream ecosystems in the central Cascade Range of Oregon. Since 1980, as a part of the National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) program, the Andrews Experimental Forest has become a leader in the analysis of forest and stream ecosystem dynamics. Long-term field experiments and measurement programs have focused on climate dynamics, streamflow, water quality, and vegetation succession. Currently researchers are working to develop concepts and tools needed to predict effects of natural disturbance, land use, and climate change on ecosystem structure, function, and species composition. The Andrews Experimental Forest is administered cooperatively by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University and the Willamette National Forest. Funding for the research program comes from the National Science Foundation (NSF), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University, and other sources. Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. National Science Foundation: DEB1440409 The Andrews Forest is situated in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, and covers the entire 15,800-acre (6400-ha) drainage basin of Lookout Creek. Elevation ranges from 1350 to 5340 feet (410 to 1630 m). Broadly representative of the rugged mountainous landscape of the Pacific Northwest, the Andrews Forest contains excellent examples of the region's conifer forests and associated wildlife and stream ecosystems. These forests are among the tallest and most productive in the world, with tree heights of often greater than 250 ft (75 m). Streams are steep, cold and clean, providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms. 1 SS00901 Inventory of oral history collections - interviews regarding the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, the Northwest Forest Plan, and miscellaneous topics: SS00901.csv 10587 27c3b0d533f463bb22679834d7d2a181 1 \r\n column , " http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/ltermeta/ltersearch/dataaccess.aspx?docid=SS00901_v1.csv 1991-11-22 2018-02-17 DBCODE Database code char(5) SS009 Database code SS009 (Social Science) ENTITY Entity number numeric(2,0) number 1.000000 natural 1.0000 1.0000 COLLECTION Collection or set of of oral history interviews grouped by time period and research theme char(10) MG_HJA Max Geier, oral history professor (Western Oregon University), conducted 37 interviews with individuals (or pairs of people) and five research groups from 1996-1998 regarding the HJ Andrews Forest SS_HJA Historian Sam Schmieding (Oregon State University) conducted 10 oral histories (2013-2018) regarding the Andrews Forest including some with participants from Geier's earlier interviews SS_NWFP Historian Sam Schmieding (Oregon State University) conducted oral histories (2013-2018) regarding the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP) MISC Several additional relevant oral histories with people who have been important in the history of the Andrews Forest have been conducted and are included in this collection INTERVIEW_CODE Unique interview code based on interviewee last name char(20) Unique interview code based on interviewee last name YEAR Year in which the interview was conducted numeric(4,0) year (yyyy) 1.000000 natural 1991.0000 2017.0000 DATE Date the interview was conducted datetime YYYY-MM-DD 11/22/1991 12:00:00 AM 2/17/2018 12:00:00 AM INTERVIEWEE Person or group of persons being interviewed char(35) Person or group of persons being interviewed ROLE Role of the interviewee with respect to the given interview theme char(25) custodian Experimental Forest custodian data_manager Data and Information Manager for the Experimental Forest editor Professional manuscript editor for the USFS forester Professional forester for the USFS mixed Mixed group of individuals ranger District ranger for the USFS professor Professor at a college or university research_liaison Liason between the USFS National Forest and OSU, PNW, and LTER Research at the Experimental Forest scientist Research scientist within the USFS Research or a college or university scientist_admin USFS Research or university scientist that also became a ranking college or university administrator scientist_professor Research scientist and college or university professor scientist_wife The wife or widow of a USFS scientist site_director Experimental Forest site director supervisor USFS Forest Supervisor support Professional or technical support person within USFS Research or the university INSTITUTION The institution of the interviewee over the time of interaction with the interview theme char(10) OSU Oregon State University PNW US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station PNW_OSU Refers to both the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station (PNW) and Oregon State University (OSU) PNW_UW Refers to both the US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station (PNW) and the University of Washington (UW) WNF Willamette National Forest INTERVIEWER Person conducting the interview char(8) FS Fred Swanson SS Sam Schmieding HF Heidi Fischer MG Max Geier LECTR Retrospective lecture recording NA Interviewer not known at this time EDITOR Person(s) editing the the interview transcriptions char(15) SS Sam Schmieding FS_SS Fred Swanson and Sam Schmieding FS_SG_LA_SS Fred Swanson, Stan Gregory, Linda Ashkenas and Sam Schmieding NA Editor not known at this time TRANSCRIBER Person(s) that transcribed tape or digital audio recording char(8) ND Nicole Duncum KH Keesja Hoekstra JF Jeff Fourier JF_MB Jeff Fourier and Marilyn Bloomquist BW Brooke Warren AC_KH Andy Coleman and Keesja Hoekstra AD Anne Diamos NN Possibly Max Geier or Keesja Hoekstra BW_ND Brooke Warren and Nicole Duncum EF_KH Elizabeth Foster and Keesja Hoekstra EF Elizabeth Foster JP Jeff Prater LF_KH Lisa Fleming and Keesja Hoekstra NA Transcriber not known at this time MEDIA_TYPE Media type of the the audio recording char(5) S Sony mini-casette tape S_T Sony and TDK mini-casette tapes T TDK mini-casette tape NA Media type not available at this time TRANSCRIPT_PAGES Number of pages in the interview transcript with Calibri 12-point font numeric(3,0) number 1 whole 0.0000 55.0000 TRANSCRIPT_WORDS Number of words in the interview transcript numeric(6,0) number 1 whole 0.0000 35000.0000 FILE_NAME File name of transcript distribution pdf file char(35) File name of transcript distribution pdf file NOTES Specific notes regarding the particular audio transcript char(254) Specific notes regarding the particular audio transcript PRIMARY SS00901.COLLECTION SS00901.INTERVIEW_CODE NOTNULL SS00901.DBCODE SS00901.ENTITY SS00901.COLLECTION SS00901.INTERVIEW_CODE SS00901.INTERVIEWEE SS00901.ROLE SS00901.INSTITUTION SS00901.INTERVIEWER SS00901.EDITOR SS00901.TRANSCRIBER SS00901.MEDIA_TYPE 73 year (4 character) portion of date dimensionless number, i.e., ratio, count