TP119: Vegetation history classification for Watersheds 1, 2, and 3, Andrews Experimental Forest, 1959-1990
Notice
"As Is" Basis: All content, including maps and forecasts, is provided without warranties. Users are advised to independently verify critical information.
Citation
2005. Vegetation history classification for Watersheds 1, 2, and 3, Andrews Experimental Forest, 1959-1990 Long-Term Ecological Research Andrews Forest LTER Site. [Database]. Available: https://andrewsforest-stage.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/fsdb-data-catalog/TP119 Accessed 2026-05-10.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to create GIS layers depicting vegetation cover over the history of the small experimental watersheds (WS 1, 2, and 3) based on aerial photography from the 1950s to 1990, for landscape ecology and spatial modeling studies. Aerial photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) cover classes, and forest age class was determined for each year (1959, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1979, and 1990). Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP073 for the long term vegetation plots in Watershed 1.
Coverage
Temporal coverage: 1997-01-10 to 1997-01-10
Geographic coverage: Andrews Forest WS 1, 2, and 3
Spatial coverage:
Bounds: W -122.25772100, E -122.22338900, N 44.22005500, S 44.19886700
Purpose
- To document the history of vegetation classification for watersheds 1, 2, and 3, pre and post harvest.
Project
Title: Long-Term Ecological Research
Personnel
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Sherri L. Johnson - Principal Investigator US Forest Service ;Pacific NW Research Station ;3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USAPhone: 541-758-7771Email: sherri.johnson2@usda.gov, sherri.johnson@oregonstate.edu
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Julia A. Jones - Principal Investigator Oregon State University;Department of Geosciences; Wilkinson Hall 104, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5506, USAPhone: (541) 737-1224Email: Julia.Jones@oregonstate.edu, geojulia@comcast.netORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-8925
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Matthew G Betts - Principal Investigator Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201E Richardson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331Phone: (541) 737-3841Email: matt.betts@oregonstate.edu
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Michael P. Nelson - Principal Investigator Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201K Richarson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331Phone: 541-737-9221Email: mpnelson@oregonstate.eduORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4752
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David Bell - Principal Investigator Email: david.bell@usda.gov, david.bell@oregonstate.edu
Abstract
- The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest is a living laboratory that provides unparalleled opportunities for the study of forest and stream ecosystems in the central Cascade Range of Oregon. Since 1980, as a part of the National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) program, the Andrews Experimental Forest has become a leader in the analysis of forest and stream ecosystem dynamics.
- Long-term field experiments and measurement programs have focused on climate dynamics, streamflow, water quality, and vegetation succession. Currently researchers are working to develop concepts and tools needed to predict effects of natural disturbance, land use, and climate change on ecosystem structure, function, and species composition.
- The Andrews Experimental Forest is administered cooperatively by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University and the Willamette National Forest. Funding for the research program comes from the National Science Foundation (NSF), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University, and other sources.
Funding
Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. National Science Foundation: DEB1440409
Study Area Description
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Long-Term Ecological Research The Andrews Forest is situated in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, and covers the entire 15,800-acre (6400-ha) drainage basin of Lookout Creek. Elevation ranges from 1350 to 5340 feet (410 to 1630 m). Broadly representative of the rugged mountainous landscape of the Pacific Northwest, the Andrews Forest contains excellent examples of the region's conifer forests and associated wildlife and stream ecosystems. These forests are among the tallest and most productive in the world, with tree heights of often greater than 250 ft (75 m). Streams are steep, cold and clean, providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms.
Associated Party
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Theresa J. Valentine
Role: DistributorUSDA Forest Service;Pacific NW Research Station;3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USAPhone: (541) 750-7333Email: theresa.valentine56@gmail.com
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Theresa J. Valentine
Role: AbstractorUSDA Forest Service;Pacific NW Research Station;3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USAPhone: (541) 750-7333Email: theresa.valentine56@gmail.com
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Julia A. Jones
Role: Principal InvestigatorOregon State University;Department of Geosciences; Wilkinson Hall 104, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5506, USAPhone: (541) 737-1224Email: Julia.Jones@oregonstate.edu, geojulia@comcast.net
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C. Ted Dyrness
Role: Other ResearcherOregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752, USAPhone: (541) 750-7325, (541) 928-8897
Contact
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Information Manager
Andrews Forest LTER Program, US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331Email: hjaweb@fsl.orst.edu
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Theresa J. Valentine
USDA Forest Service;Pacific NW Research Station;3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USAPhone: (541) 750-7333Email: theresa.valentine56@gmail.com
Publisher
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Andrews Forest LTER Site
Role: PublisherForest Ecosystems and Society Department in Forestry, Oregon State University, 201K Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752Phone: (541) 737-8480Email: lterweb@fsl.orst.edu
Study Description
The objective of this study was to create GIS layers depicting vegetation cover over the history of the small experimental watersheds (WS 1, 2, and 3) based on aerial photography from the 1950s to 1990, for landscape ecology and spatial modeling studies. Aerial photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) cover classes, and forest age class was determined for each year (1959, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1979, and 1990). Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP073 for the long term vegetation plots in Watershed 1. To document the history of vegetation classification for watersheds 1, 2, and 3, pre and post harvest. Processing Procedures - TP119
Purpose: To document the history of vegetation classification for watersheds 1, 2, and 3, pre and post harvest.
Methods
Method Steps
Processing Procedures - TP119
- TP11902: Vegetation cover map for 1967 for Watershed 1 The accuracy of the aerial photo interpretation was assessed through comparison of the percent cover maps against the plot cover measurements. Some differences were expected between the mapped cover percentages and the plot measurement, because of the difference in the resolution of the mapped areas and the 2x2m plot size. The mapped areas were drawn with an expectation that there was significant heterogeneity in the vegetation cover within each map unit. These results are presented in Appendix B of thesis.
- The 1972 herbaceous cover map agreed with the plot data for 45 plots, and in general overestimated herbaceous cover. The 1972 conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 31 plots, and in general overestimated conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover. The 1972 deciduous broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 58 plots, and in general underestimated deciduous cover. The 1979 conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 35 plots, and in general overestimated conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover. The 1979 deciduous broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 44 plots, and in general underestimated deciduous cover. The 1990 herbaceous cover map agreed with the plot data for 27 plots, and in general overestimated herbaceous cover. The 1990 evergreen broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 18 plots, and in general overestimated evergreen broadleaf cover. The 1990 conifer cover map agreed with the plot data for 28 plots, and in general overestimated conifer cover. The 1990 deciduous broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 34 plots. These map assessments were not used to adjust the cover map for two reasons. The resolution of the map units was quite a bit larger than the plot size, and there was no discernible spatial pattern in the plot data that could have been used to adjust the cover maps.
Processing Procedures - TP119 (1)
- TP11903: Herbaceous and shrub cover in 1972 for Watershed 1 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil). Small conifers and broadleaf evergreen shrubs were considered as one group.
Instrumentation:
- The accuracy of the aerial photo interpretation was assessed through comparison of the percent cover maps against the plot cover measurements. Some differences were expected between the mapped cover percentages and the plot measurement, because of the difference in the resolution of the mapped areas and the 2x2m plot size. The mapped areas were drawn with an expectation that there was significant heterogeneity in the vegetation cover within each map unit. These results are presented in Appendix B of thesis. The 1972 herbaceous cover map agreed with the plot data for 45 plots, and in general overestimated herbaceous cover. The 1972 conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 31 plots, and in general overestimated conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover. The 1972 deciduous broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 58 plots, and in general underestimated deciduous cover. The 1979 conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 35 plots, and in general overestimated conifer and evergreen broadleaf cover. The 1979 deciduous broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 44 plots, and in general underestimated deciduous cover. The 1990 herbaceous cover map agreed with the plot data for 27 plots, and in general overestimated herbaceous cover. The 1990 evergreen broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 18 plots, and in general overestimated evergreen broadleaf cover. The 1990 conifer cover map agreed with the plot data for 28 plots, and in general overestimated conifer cover. The 1990 deciduous broadleaf cover map agreed with the plot data for 34 plots. These map assessments were not used to adjust the cover map for two reasons. The resolution of the map units was quite a bit larger than the plot size, and there was no discernible spatial pattern in the plot data that could have been used to adjust the cover maps.
Processing Procedures - TP119 (2)
- TP11904:Deciduous broadleaf cover in 1972 for Watershed 1 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil)
Processing Procedures - TP119 (3)
- TP11905: Herbaceous and shrub cover in 1979 for Watershed 1 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) color aerial photography 1:12000 scale
Processing Procedures - TP119 (4)
- PT11906: Deciduous broadleaf cover in 1979 for Watershed 1 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses, and bare soil)
Processing Procedures - TP119 (5)
- TP11907: Herbaceous and shrub cover in 1990 for Watershed 1 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses, and bare soil) color aerial photography
Processing Procedures - TP119 (6)
- TP11908: Deciduous broadleaf cover in 1990 for Watershed 1 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) color aerial photography
Processing Procedures - TP119 (7)
- TP11909: Soil survey (1964) for Watersheds 1, 2, and 3, Small watershed survey was completed in 1964.
Processing Procedures - TP119 (8)
- TP11910: Vegetation mapping (1959) for Watershed 1 and 2 Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) black and white aerial photography.
Processing Procedures - TP119 (9)
- TP11911: Vegetation plot data (1962) for Watershed 1: Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP73
Processing Procedures - TP119 (10)
- TP11912: Vegetation plot data (1967) for Watershed 1, Andrews Experimental Forest. Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP73
Processing Procedures - TP119 (11)
- TP11913: Vegetation plot data (1972) for Watershed 1: Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP73
Processing Procedures - TP119 (12)
- TP11914: Vegetation plot data (1979) for Watershed 1: Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP73
Processing Procedures - TP119 (13)
- TP11915: Vegetation plot data (1990) for Watershed 1: Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP73
Processing Procedures - TP119 (14)
- TP11916: Vegetation Plots with landscape variables (1962) for Watershed 1 The vegetation plots in watershed 1 with associated attributes. Vegetation data for functional groups (conifer, evergreen broadleaf, deciduous broadleaf) was aggregated from species data available in TP73 (black and white aerial photography)
Processing Procedures - TP119 (15)
- TP11917: Pre-harvest vegetation map for Watersheds 2 and 3, Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) and forest age class was determined for each year (1959, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1979, and 1990). (black and white aerial photography) Data was digitized into Arc/Info coverage, converted to a shapefile and projected to Nad83 Datum
Processing Procedures - TP119 (16)
- TP11918: Pre-harvest vegetation map for Watersheds 2, Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) and forest age class was determined for each year (1959, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1979, and 1990). (black and white aerial photography) Data was digitized into Arc/Info coverage, converted to a shapefile and projected to Nad83 Datum
Processing Procedures - TP119 (17)
- TP11919: Vegetation cover map 1959 for Watershed 2. Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) and forest age class was determined for each year (1959, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1979, and 1990). (black and white aerial photography) Data was digitized into Arc/Info coverage, converted to a shapefile and projected to Nad83 Datum
Processing Procedures - TP119 (18)
- TP11920: Pre-harvest vegetation map for Watersheds 3. Photos were interpreted for hydrologically relevant vegetation types (conifer, broadleaf, grasses and bare soil) and forest age class was determined for each year (1959, 1962, 1967, 1972, 1979, and 1990). (black and white aerial photography) Data was digitized into Arc/Info coverage, converted to a shapefile and projected to Nad83 Datum
Sampling
Software
No software entries listed in this EML file.
Keywords
- LTER controlled vocabulary: history (theme), reference stands (theme), mapping (theme), primary production (theme), disturbance (theme), modeling (theme), timber harvest (theme), vegetation (theme)
- LTER core research areas: primary production (theme), disturbance (theme)
Taxonomic Hierarchy
No taxonomic hierarchy listed in this EML file.
Data Entities
No data tables listed in this EML file.
Metadata
No data tables listed in this EML file.
Units
No units listed in this EML file.
Intellectual Rights
Data Use Agreement:
The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. This Data Set is released under the Creative Commons license CC BY "Attribution" (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Creative Commons license CC BY - Attribution is a license that allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work (even commercially), as long as you are credited for the original creation. This license accommodates maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.
It is considered professional conduct and an ethical obligation to acknowledge the work of other scientists. The Data User is asked to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual parts or used in the derivation of other products. A recommended citation is provided for each Data Set in the Andrews LTER data catalog (see: http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/catalog/datacatalog.aspx). A generic citation is also provided for this Data Set on the website https://portal.edirepository.org in the summary metadata page. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator.
While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed and all data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.
General acknowledgement: Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University.
Licensed
License: N/A
Maintenance
Maintenance update frequency: notPlanned
Description
- An update history is logged and maintained with each new version of every dataset.
Change History
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Version1 (1997-10-01) GIS coverage creation date.
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Version2 (2005-05-23) Metadata files created in ARC/catalog as HTML format. ARC/Info Export files, shape files, or other data file on ftp.fsl.orst.edu.
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Version3 (2005-06-21) Upper level gis metadata (catalog, databases, entity, sub_entity, catalog_component, cross_reference, update_history) restructured and moved into SQLServer metadata database LTERMETA.