SP014: Seasonal soil respiration using permanent gas chambers in the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1994-1996
Notice
"As Is" Basis: All content, including maps and forecasts, is provided without warranties. Users are advised to independently verify critical information.
Citation
Griffiths, R. 2011. Seasonal soil respiration using permanent gas chambers in the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1994-1996 Long-Term Ecological Research Andrews Forest LTER Site. [Database]. Available: https://andrewsforest-stage.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/fsdb-data-catalog/SP014 Accessed 2026-05-10.
Abstract
The overall objective of this study is to model CO emissions from forest soils of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. The data to develop this model was obtained by measuring forest floor respiration rates in permanent chambers located along transects at permanent gas flux study sites.
Coverage
Temporal coverage: 1994-11-01 to 1996-11-01
Geographic coverage: N/A
Bounds: W N/A, E N/A, N N/A, S N/A
Purpose
No purpose entries listed in this EML file.
Project
Title: Long-Term Ecological Research
Personnel
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Sherri L. Johnson - Principal Investigator US Forest Service ;Pacific NW Research Station ;3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USAPhone: 541-758-7771Email: sherri.johnson2@usda.gov, sherri.johnson@oregonstate.edu
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Julia A. Jones - Principal Investigator Oregon State University;Department of Geosciences; Wilkinson Hall 104, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5506, USAPhone: (541) 737-1224Email: Julia.Jones@oregonstate.edu, geojulia@comcast.netORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-8925
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Matthew G Betts - Principal Investigator Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201E Richardson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331Phone: (541) 737-3841Email: matt.betts@oregonstate.edu
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Michael P. Nelson - Principal Investigator Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; 201K Richarson Hall; College of Forestry; Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331Phone: 541-737-9221Email: mpnelson@oregonstate.eduORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-4752
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David Bell - Principal Investigator Email: david.bell@usda.gov, david.bell@oregonstate.edu
Abstract
- The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest is a living laboratory that provides unparalleled opportunities for the study of forest and stream ecosystems in the central Cascade Range of Oregon. Since 1980, as a part of the National Science Foundation Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-LTER) program, the Andrews Experimental Forest has become a leader in the analysis of forest and stream ecosystem dynamics.
- Long-term field experiments and measurement programs have focused on climate dynamics, streamflow, water quality, and vegetation succession. Currently researchers are working to develop concepts and tools needed to predict effects of natural disturbance, land use, and climate change on ecosystem structure, function, and species composition.
- The Andrews Experimental Forest is administered cooperatively by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University and the Willamette National Forest. Funding for the research program comes from the National Science Foundation (NSF), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, Oregon State University, and other sources.
Funding
Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University. National Science Foundation: DEB1440409
Study Area Description
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Long-Term Ecological Research The Andrews Forest is situated in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, and covers the entire 15,800-acre (6400-ha) drainage basin of Lookout Creek. Elevation ranges from 1350 to 5340 feet (410 to 1630 m). Broadly representative of the rugged mountainous landscape of the Pacific Northwest, the Andrews Forest contains excellent examples of the region's conifer forests and associated wildlife and stream ecosystems. These forests are among the tallest and most productive in the world, with tree heights of often greater than 250 ft (75 m). Streams are steep, cold and clean, providing habitat for numerous aquatic organisms.
Associated Party
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Robert P. Griffiths
Role: Principal InvestigatorOregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752, USAPhone: (541) 737-6559Email: bbgriff@peak.org, griff@for.orst.edu
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Elizabeth W. Sulzman
Role: Other ResearcherDept. of Crop and Soil Science;3017 ALS Bldg;Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-7306, USAPhone: 541-737-8936
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Alan K. Swanson
Role: Other Researcher
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Robert P. Griffiths
Role: AbstractorOregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752, USAPhone: (541) 737-6559Email: bbgriff@peak.org, griff@for.orst.edu
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Robert P. Griffiths
Role: CreatorOregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752, USAPhone: (541) 737-6559Email: bbgriff@peak.org, griff@for.orst.edu
Contact
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Information Manager
Andrews Forest LTER Program, US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331Email: hjaweb@fsl.orst.edu
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Robert P. Griffiths
Oregon State University;Dept. of Forest Science;321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752, USAPhone: (541) 737-6559Email: bbgriff@peak.org, griff@for.orst.edu
Publisher
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Andrews Forest LTER Site
Role: PublisherForest Ecosystems and Society Department in Forestry, Oregon State University, 201K Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331-5752Phone: (541) 737-8480Email: lterweb@fsl.orst.edu
Study Description
The overall objective of this study is to model CO emissions from forest soils of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. The data to develop this model was obtained by measuring forest floor respiration rates in permanent chambers located along transects at permanent gas flux study sites. Field Methods - SP014
Methods
Method Steps
Field Methods - SP014
- There are 10 plots within each of the twenty sites. These consist of locations along a 50 meter transect 5 meters apart where permanent gas flux chambers were lcoated and soil samples taken. The depth of the chambers varied where there was a slope, The hight of the chambers above ground was about 20 cm. For each chamber, the average of the high and low sides were used to calculate the average high of the chamber wall above the forest floor surface. This was used to calcuate the volume of the headspace for each individual chamber. The inside diameter of the chambers was 27 cm. To insure an effective seal, groves were machined into the walls of the chambers to accomedate an "O" ring. The chambers were sealed with clear plexiglass. All chambers were cleared of all vegetation before respiration measurements were made.
- Soil respiration was measured using indicating soda lime with a mesh of 6/12 (Fisher #S201-3). The increase in weight is directly proportional to the amount of CO adsorbed during the incubation period. Thirty grams of soda lime was added to 8 oz glass jars fitted with gastight metal lids. They were heated uncovered for 8 hr at 100°C to remove moisture. At time 0 the jars were placed on metal mesh stands within a incubation chambers which were permanently installed in the ground with the edges buried to a depth of 10 cm. Twenty four hours later, the lids were placed back on the jars and returned to the laboratory where they were again dried (with lid off) at 100°C for 8 hr.
- At each site, there was one control jar used to determine background CO levels and the uptake of CO during drying (jar was placed in a sealed chamber sealed on both ends). Bulk density measurements were made in soils adjacent to the chambers as indicated. Soil moisture was measured in two ways; (1) either gravimeterically from bulk density cores or (2) using a Time-Domain Reflectometer (TDR). The TDR used was a Tektronix model 1502B cable tester (Textronix, Beaverton, OR). The manufacture's recommended protocol was followed.
Sampling
Study Extent
- http://andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu/data/studies/sp004/sp004_sitedescription.pdf
- Sampling frequency: monthly
Sampling Description
- These sites were selected to give a wide representation of different microclimates and vegetation types found at the HJA. The microclimate sites were selected along a rough N/S gradient from the top of a ridge to the North to another ridge to the South. Another set was selected along an roughly E/W gradient which gave representative sites of different elevations and aspects including sites that were hot and dry and those that are typically wet and cold. Also included were sites near streams that experience cooling. The vegetation sites included clearcut sites, and regenerated sites of different age classes. In addition, we included a Sitka alder and a broad-leave maple site. Monthly measurements of field respiration, temperature, percent moisture, moisture by volume, field respiration rate in permenant gas exchange chambers and bulk density.
- This study was also designed to provide continued monitoring of soil respiration rates at these sites which were initiated in the summer of 1992. In the earlier studies, permanent chambers had not been installed and we using temporary incubation chambers installed at each sampling. The permanent chambers were installed in the summer of 1994 and used throughout this study. Between measurements, both covers and "O" rings were removed from the chambers. The only disturbance in the chambers during this study was the removal of any vegetation by cutting the stems.
Spatial Sampling Units
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Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA)
W -122.26172200, E -122.10084700, N 44.28196400, S 44.19770400Altitude: 1631 to 1631 meter
Software
No software entries listed in this EML file.
Keywords
- LTER controlled vocabulary: meteorology (theme), soil respiration (theme), respiration (theme), inorganic nutrients (theme), organic matter (theme), forest floor (theme), old growth forests (theme)
- Andrews Experimental Forest site thesaurus: Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) (theme)
- LTER core research areas: inorganic nutrients (theme), organic matter (theme)
Taxonomic Hierarchy
No taxonomic hierarchy listed in this EML file.
Data Entities
| # | Entity | Metadata | Data |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
SP01401
SP01401 Monthly Forest Floor Respiration: |
METADATA | DATA |
Metadata
SP01401 - SP01401
Object name: SP01401.csv
Records: 2785
Attributes: 11
Temporal coverage: 1994-11-10 to 1996-11-10
File size: 146415 byte
Checksum (MD5): 129f760555b207601fdda11e9733c2b1
Format: headers=1, recordDelimiter=\r\n, fieldDelimiter=,, quoteCharacter=", orientation=column
Constraints (2)
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primaryKey: PRIMARY SP01401.DATE, SP01401.SAMPLE, SP01401.SITE
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notNullConstraint: NOTNULL SP01401.DATE, SP01401.ENTITY, SP01401.MOISOURC, SP01401.SAMPLE, SP01401.SITE, SP01401.DBCODE
Attributes (11)
DBCODE - char(10) (nominal)
ID: SP01401.DBCODE
FSDB Database code
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Code definitions (1)
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SP014
FSDB Database Code SP014
ENTITY - numeric(2,0) (ratio)
ID: SP01401.ENTITY
Entity number
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Unit: number
Precision: 1.000000
Numeric domain: type=natural, min=1.0000 (exclusive=false), max=1.0000 (exclusive=false)
SITE - char(5) (nominal)
ID: SP01401.SITE
Permanent trace gas sites
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Code definitions (31)
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10C
Mid-elevation (south slope)
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10V
Low-elevation clear-cut; succession study site
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11C
Riparian area
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11V
Mid-elevation young stand
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12C
Mid-elevation clear-cut
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12VC
Mid-elevation old-growth control for 11v, 12c
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1C
1v control + high hot dry mc
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1V
High hot dry microclimate (mc)
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2C
North facing
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2V
North facing clear cut (mid-elevation)
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2VC
Control for 2v and 3v
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3C
Valley site near stream (no slope)
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3V
15-year-old doug-fir stand
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4C
Cool-wet high elevation (north slope), control for 6v
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4V
35-year-old doug-fir stand
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4VC
Control for 4v
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5C
Site similar to 3c but higher
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5V
Big-leaf maple site
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5VC
Control for 5v
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6C
High-moisture site (north facing)
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6V
Sitka-alder veg site
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7C
Moisture mid-elevation (north facing veg site)
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7V
Mid-elevation, north slope, young stand
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8C
High dry hot site (south facing ridge top)
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8V
Low-elevation young stand at hq site (same as site ys)
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9C
Low elevation (north slope) cool moisture
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9V
Low-elevation clear-cut at hq site (same as site cc)
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9VC
Low-elevation old-growth at hq site (same as site og)
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CC
Clear-cut at hja headquarters site (same as site 9v)
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OG
Old-growth at hja headquarters site (same as site 9vc)
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YS
Young stand at hja headquarters site (same as site (8v)
DATE - datetime (dateTime)
ID: SP01401.DATE
Date sample was colleted
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Date format: YYYY-MM-DD
SAMPLE - char(2) (nominal)
ID: SP01401.SAMPLE
Location along transect where sample was taken
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
RESP - numeric(6,3) (ratio)
ID: SP01401.RESP
Respiration rate-control (grams of C per square meter per day)
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Unit: grams per square meter per day
Precision: 0.001000
Numeric domain: type=real, min=-36.7400 (exclusive=false), max=127.6100 (exclusive=false)
SOILTEMP - numeric(5,1) (ratio)
ID: SP01401.SOILTEMP
Mean of instantaneous soil temperatures taken at the start and end of field
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Unit: degrees Celsius
Precision: 0.100000
Numeric domain: type=real, min=0.1000 (exclusive=false), max=25.3000 (exclusive=false)
P_MOIST - numeric(6,2) (ratio)
ID: SP01401.P_MOIST
Percent moisture (wet-dry/dry)x100
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Unit: percent
Precision: 0.010000
Numeric domain: type=real, min=11.0000 (exclusive=false), max=264.6000 (exclusive=false)
H2OVOLUM - numeric(5,3) (ratio)
ID: SP01401.H2OVOLUM
Volume of water per volume of sample
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Unit: milliliters per cubic centimeter
Precision: 0.001000
Numeric domain: type=real, min=0.0510 (exclusive=false), max=1.3270 (exclusive=false)
BULKDENS - numeric(5,3) (ratio)
ID: SP01401.BULKDENS
Bulk density of soils at site-cores taken next to each incubatoin chamber
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Unit: grams per cubic centimeter
Precision: 0.001000
Numeric domain: type=real, min=0.1270 (exclusive=false), max=1.0330 (exclusive=false)
MOISOURC - char(1) (nominal)
ID: SP01401.MOISOURC
Method of measureing water volume in soils
Type system: Microsoft SQL Server 2008
Code definitions (3)
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code
No method used to measure water volume
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1
Water volume measured gravimetrically
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2
Water volume measured with a time domain refractometer (tdr)
Units
| grams per cubic centimeter | g/cm3 | massDensity | gramPerCentimeterCubed | kilogramPerMeterCubed | 1000 | grams per cubic centimeter |
| number | number | dimensionless | number | dimensionless | 1 | dimensionless number, i.e., ratio, count |
| milliliters per cubic centimeter | ml/cm3 | volumePerVolume | mililiterPerCentimeterCubed | centimeterCubed PerCentimeterCubed | 0.000001 | milliliters per cubic centimeter; also cubic centimeters per cubic centimeter |
| percent | % | dimensionless | number | dimensionless | 100 | percent; a number |
| grams per square meter per day | g/m2*day | arealMassDensityRate | gramPerMeterSquaredPerDay | kilogramPerMeterSquaredPerSecond | 86.4 | grams per square meter per day |
| degrees Celsius | deg c | temperature | celsiusDegree | kelvin | 1 | Degrees Celsius; a common unit of temperature; constantToSI=273.18 |
Intellectual Rights
Data Use Agreement:
The re-use of scientific data has the potential to greatly increase communication, collaboration and synthesis within and among disciplines, and thus is fostered, supported and encouraged. This Data Set is released under the Creative Commons license CC BY "Attribution" (see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Creative Commons license CC BY - Attribution is a license that allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon your work (even commercially), as long as you are credited for the original creation. This license accommodates maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials.
It is considered professional conduct and an ethical obligation to acknowledge the work of other scientists. The Data User is asked to provide attribution of the original work if this data package is shared in whole or by individual parts or used in the derivation of other products. A recommended citation is provided for each Data Set in the Andrews LTER data catalog (see: http://andlter.forestry.oregonstate.edu/data/catalog/datacatalog.aspx). A generic citation is also provided for this Data Set on the website https://portal.edirepository.org in the summary metadata page. Data Users are thus strongly encouraged to consider consultation, collaboration and/or co-authorship with the Data Set Creator.
While substantial efforts are made to ensure the accuracy of data and associated documentation, complete accuracy of data sets cannot be guaranteed and all data are made available "as is." The Data User should be aware, however, that data are updated periodically and it is the responsibility of the Data User to check for new versions of the data. The data authors and the repository where these data were obtained shall not be liable for damages resulting from any use or misinterpretation of the data.
General acknowledgement: Data were provided by the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest research program, funded by the National Science Foundation's Long-Term Ecological Research Program (DEB 2025755), US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, and Oregon State University.
Licensed
License: N/A
Maintenance
Maintenance update frequency: notPlanned
Description
- An update history is logged and maintained with each new version of every dataset.
Change History
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Version1 (1999-04-13) Original metadata creation.
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Version2 (2002-02-27) Metadata restructured and moved into SQLServer metadata database LTERMETA. Data moved into SQLServer database FSDBDATA.
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Version5 (2007-08-30) Restructured year to datetime field and fixed dates.